Accounting 400Professional Financial AnalysisFree

Bridge accounting mastery to investment analysis.

Apply everything from levels 100–300 to the questions professional investors actually ask. ROIC, NOPAT, FCF quality, earnings manipulation, and a complete company analysis framework grounded in McKinsey and Damodaran.

13 lessons3h 29m totalStart Level 400

Valuation: Measuring and Managing the Value of Companies (McKinsey) + The Little Book of Valuation (Damodaran) + Financial Accounting (Libby)

Lessons

13 lessons
01
ROIC and Economic Profit — The Most Important Metrics Most Investors Never Calculate

Companies create value only when returns exceed the cost of capital. ROIC vs. WACC is the spread that drives long-term stock prices — not earnings growth.

16 min
02
NOPAT and Invested Capital — Rebuilding the Numerator and Denominator

ROIC = NOPAT ÷ Invested Capital. How to calculate each from GAAP financials, the adjustments McKinsey makes, and why the raw numbers are almost always wrong.

15 min
03
Cash Conversion Cycle — DIO, DSO, DPO, and Working Capital Efficiency

How many days does cash travel through operations before coming back? The CCC separates self-financing businesses from capital-intensive cash traps.

14 min
04
Leverage and Coverage Ratios — Net Debt/EBITDA and Interest Coverage Zones

The two metrics that tell you how much financial stress a business can absorb. The zone framework, synthetic ratings, and McKinsey's 3M case at 23.6× coverage.

15 min
05
Profitability Margins — Gross, EBIT, EBITDA, Net, and What the Gaps Mean

Each margin measures something different. What the gaps between them reveal about where value is created and destroyed inside the income statement.

14 min
06
Free Cash Flow Analysis — FCFF, FCFE, Conversion Quality, Owner's Earnings

FCFF and FCFE from first principles. The bridge from EBITDA to FCFF, FCF conversion quality as an earnings credibility test, and why Buffett's 'owner's earnings' diverges from net income.

16 min
07
Valuation Multiples — P/E, EV/EBITDA, Companion Variables, Median vs. Mean

The shorthand analysts use to compare what markets pay for similar businesses. Companion variables, why Damodaran uses median not mean, and how multiples shift with rates.

15 min
08
Earnings Quality — The CFO/NI Ratio, Accruals Test, and Non-Cash Inflation

The CFO/NI ratio as the simplest quality screen. The accruals test, non-cash income inflation, and why low-quality earnings consistently precede disappointments.

14 min
09
Red Flags and Accounting Manipulations — Channel Stuffing, Cookie Jars, Capitalization Abuse

The recurring patterns of aggressive accounting. Channel stuffing, big-bath charges, cookie-jar reserves, and capitalizing expenses that should flow through the income statement.

16 min
10
Trend and Cross-Statement Analysis — Five Years of Data Tells the Real Story

A single year is a photograph. Five years of ROIC, margins, CFO/NI, and leverage is a film — the only way to see whether a business is building advantage or quietly deteriorating.

15 min
11
Building Your Complete Financial Analysis Framework

Synthesize the full 400-level toolkit: business quality first, financial health second, valuation last. Damodaran's bias warning and McKinsey's unit-by-unit cash flow mapping applied to any public company.

14 min
12
Case Study — Full Company Analysis: From Raw 10-K to Investment Thesis

A real company, a real 10-K, and the full framework applied end-to-end: ROIC, margins, FCF quality, earnings quality, CCC, leverage zones, and a final investment view.

30 min
13
Level 400 Quiz

Thirteen applied questions: calculate ROIC, assess FCF quality, identify earnings red flags, and build a partial analysis framework from provided financial data.

15 min